My stuff was so moth eaten that I had to give all my clothes away, keeping only souvenirs.

By March 1919 Grant Willard had been away from home for nearly two years. It was the longest stretch of time that he had ever been, indeed would ever be, separated from loved ones in his life. As you will notice from this series of letters and diary entries, he was excited and anxious to return home and get on with life.


Bretzenhem, Germany,
March 15, 1919.

Dear Dad:-

[General Order] 40 has just arrived.  It’s an order regarding demobilization on foreign soil of officers and men who enlisted in the American Army on foreign soil.  We will be demobilized over here unless we file an application to be transported to America and demobilized through regular military channels there.  By filing such an application we waive all claims on transportation or transportation money to the place of enlistment.  Demobilization through regular military channels means that we will be shipped to the military camp nearest our home.  I would go to Ft. Snelling for my discharge papers, as I read the order.

Now then, should I decide to receive my discharge on this side: After reaching Base Camp with the section this month or the first of next I would be sent to a small place near Tours called St. Agnant, there to remain probably a week before the papers were ready.  Then with $60 which is paid to every soldier as he is discharged I would be turned loose—a free man once again.  Where would I go and what would I do?  Probably the first thing I would do is wire for money.  That’s where you come in and, as you will see before I finish this letter, yours would be no small part.  Next would come the battle of Paris—packing and repacking my trunk, looking over my civilian clothes and trying to get into them.  I have no idea they’ll fit and even if they do they are pretty badly moth eaten.  My old Norton-Harjes uniform is so badly eaten that it is impossible.  I wouldn’t wear an army uniform so 9 to 1 I would have to buy a suit of civilians.  Prices in Paris are worse now than they have ever been.  70 francs a day is as fair an estimate as I can make under present conditions.  Then would come the tussle for passage home.  Everything leaving French ports is now reserved until the middle of May.  Everything leaving England is even worse.  By the time we get in it would be impossible to make a booking before the latter part of June.  In the meantime I would hike for England where living conditions are much more reasonable.  If I had the money I should like to spend a month in England but it would take more than I care to ask for unless I ran on to some very kind friends.  Under this plan I should be fortunate to arrive in America by the latter part of July.


The other plan: Stick with the section.  Get 24 hours in Paris when we turn our cars in.  Send my trunk home either by American Express Co. @ 75 francs per 100 lbs. with $1000 insurance or let the Govt. send it home for nothing with no insurance.  Board a transport probably sometime around the middle of April and arrive the latter part of April or the first part of May (I hope.)  Then I understand we go to Camp Dix, New Jersey.  If all right with you I will endeavor to get my discharge at Camp Dix instead of Ft. Snelling and spend awhile with Dot before coming west.  This plan will only require enough money to keep me going in the east and pay my expenses to Minnesota.  To get mustered out over here I figure would cost $500 if I were to see England at all which would be the strongest argument in favor of staying.  To be taken back by the army wouldn’t cost me more than a fifth of $500, I shouldn’t think.

Needless to say I have decided to follow out the latter course.

I would like to see England but it isn’t worth the money now.  Conditions are bad over here now.  There are hundreds of people waiting for transportation.  The American Army has control of the majority of boats between here and America so much so that the Canadians are pretty peeved.  In the meantime Paris and French base ports as well as London and Liverpool are swarming with people of all descriptions waiting to get out.  Prices in France have soared sky-high.  England has managed to regulate prices in such a way that living isn’t so terribly expensive over there.  But transportation being so uncertain makes definite plans and budgets impossible.

Am enclosing a picture of the section taken beside our barracks in Mainz.  In the background can be seen a few of the German cannon turned in to the French according to the Armistice terms.  That is—the terms as the Germans tried to read them—but the majority of the stuff turned in was junked because of its antiquity and modern guns required.

The mark is worth 50 centimes up here now.

Love,
  Grant.

P.S. Don’t try to send me any money.  I’ll wire for some if I need it—when I’m safe in the States.
GRW.

* * * *

Bretzenheim, Germany.
March 24, 1919

Dear Mother:-

Have just come back from Coblenz and am very tired but must write you now because I may not get another chance for some time.  Since Sgt. Snader left for Poland in Relief work I have taken on his job as mess sgt and my trip to Coblenz today was for the purpose of buying supplies for our trip into Paris.  When I left here with Johnny Taylor in his car this morning it was with order to buy enough food for a 10 day trip into Paris on flat cars.  The French objected to a convoy because of the price of gasoline so they planned on making up a freight train for three sections (644, 649 and 647) and sending us in on a freight special.  Needless to say, we were disappointed because we have been looking forward to a convoy along the old battle front for a long time.

When we returned this evening, with not nearly so much food as I should have liked, it was to find that the transportation order had been changed because of a shortage of freight cars and that we are to convoy to Paris, leaving as soon as is convenient after the 25th. Well now!  We aren’t going to waste much time in convenience.  If we can clean up what more there is to do around here in one more day I think that day after tomorrow, Wednesday, March 26, will find us on the road at a très bonne heure.  Our route will take us right down the old line and give us a good chance to see some interesting country.  However, poor roads may necessitate changes in route.  The weather has been quite disagreeable of late so that soft roads are going to be not only slow but dangerous.

Haven’t heard from you all for sometime, accountable is the fact that our mail is probably being held in Paris for us.  Am not worried—very happy at the present prospects of getting out of here and starting our long trip home.

Heaps of love,
Son.

* * * *

Wednesday, March 26:

Left Bretzenheim this A.M. about 7 o’clock en convoy for Paris. A beautiful day but cold. We came by way of Kaierslautern reaching St. Avold about 5 P.M. for the first night. ‘Twas a good jump--about 215 km. Every car present except the Packard & kitchen which pulled in about dusk.

Thursday, March 27:

Made a 7 o’clock start for St. Menehould via Metz & Verdun. We passed through Metz about 10:30 stopping at the Parc for food supplies. By noon we were in Verdun coming in by way of Belfort. The roads were terrible coming across no-man’s-land, but it was well worth the risk of broken springs. The weather was cold and raining. Before entering the city we came right down past our old hospital at Beauveaux over the same roads we traveled a year ago last August when excitement was keen. We laid over in Verdun 3 hours during which time Astlett, Hap, Fratz, Johnnie & myself jumped in Eric’s car and made the Citern, Lasource and Carrière Sud. The most interesting trip I ever took. The devastation is greater than any of us have seen before or since--beyond imagination. Our posts looked very much the same. Many nurses & Am. officers are sight seeing up there now.

647 in Verdun, March 1919

After running through snow, rain and wind all afternoon we reached St. Menehould about 5 P.M. and spent the night there. We are all soaked to the skin, but happy because we are on our way home.

Friday, March 28:

Made a late start (9 A.M.) for Rheims [Reims]. Weather rotten! Passed down through pernay and along the Rheims front. Roads bad and once we had to turn around in no-man’s-land because the road had not yet been repaired. We reached Rheims about 4:30 P.M. every car present and running fine. Went to bed early.

Near Reims, France

Saturday, March 29:

Spent the day in Rheims seeing the city and working on my car. Weather still rotten! Rheims is a wreak and I don’t see how in the world it is ever going to be repaired though some civilians who have returned are very hopeful, others are very pessimistic. The Cathedral is already being repaired. Of the 20,000 houses in Rheims 13,000 are total wrecks and 2,000 more are called "irreparable." I didn’t see a single building which had not been hit at least once. The most of this had not been done since 1917. The amount of destruction around the Cathedral shows very clearly that the Boche intended that this edifice should be totally wrecked. Not one shell of the many which hit the Cathedral exploded within its walls. Only one entered the building without passing through it and this one was a “dud.”

Reims Cathedral (2010)

Sunday, March 30:

Made a 7 o’clock start this A.M. for Meaux via Chateau-Thierry. A rather interesting day, but not to be compared with the others. Reached Meaux about 3:30 and Woodie & I arranged a section feed for the boys downtown. We had a good feed and good time. 

Monday, March 31:

Pulled into Paris this A.M. about 11 o’clock and parked our cars at St. Cloud. We are given until 11:30 tomorrow A.M. in Paris to arrange personal matters. Hap, Fratz and I went in reserved a room at the [Hotel] États Unis and got busy on baggage. My stuff at the [Hotel] Mt. Thabor was so moth eaten that I had to give all my clothes away, keeping only souvenirs. We ate this evening at Viares. In the evening we went to the casino.

Have really grown quite attached to the old boiler and would like to bring it home with me.

Convois Autos.,
S.S.U. 647,
Par B.C.M.
France

Bretzenheim, Germany
March 12, 1919

Dearest Mother:-

Thirteen more days and we expect to leave these parts for Paris.  We are taking advantage of these beautiful days by working on our cars and getting them in as perfect shape as possible for our return trip.  My car never ran better since leaving Ft. de Vanves a year ago last month that it is running right now.  It seems to have taken new life with the rest of us at the prospects of being “mustered out.”  Have really grown quite attached to the old boiler and would like to bring it home with me.  There is not a bolt or a part on the car that I have not tampered with.  I wonder what is going to become of all the ambulances and trucks which are daily being turned in?  Most of them are in no shape to be taken back to the States.

John H. Willard between the wars.

Your last letter to me enclosed a picture of yourself, Sis and Johnny.  I would have recognized you and Marion hasn’t changed much as I remember her but John I shouldn’t have known if I had met him on the streets of Mankato.  I’ve never seen a bigger change in anybody.  Maybe it was the uniform which made such a great difference.  You know I never did have a chance to get very well acquainted with John in long trousers.  In my mind’s eye I always see him in short pants and not very large.  This last picture makes him look like someone I never saw.  If he meets me at the train when I get home he’d better wear his name in large letters in some very conspicuous place or I certainly shall pass him up. – Mother, you actually look younger than when I last saw you.  How do you do it?  Is Dad growing correspondingly young?  Sis isn’t quite as plump as I remember her.  I like her better the other way.  Quite a display of hardware she’s wearing.  Did Bill send her those from this side?

Johnny Taylor and Eric Astlett have just returned from a seven day permission in England.  They had a wonderful time.  Both have relatives and many friends there which added considerably to their good times.  They say it was just like leaving home when they had to start back.  Food conditions there are good, they say, compared with what it is in Germany and even France.  Butter, for instance, is hard to get but the boys say that the margarine is every bit as good.  Their report of England and English people made me sorry than ever that these new permission regulations were not in vogue when Fraser and I went on our permissions.  We will not have another chance to get over there now.

-SECTION NEWS-

The gang is sitting outside the window enjoying the warm sun and fresh air.  They are going over them many old things which have taken place since we were made a section.  Just now they are ragging one another about certain incidents on the baseball diamond.  Jack Swain from Dallas, Texas is retelling in his very funny way of how Fraser over-ran second-base, in a game we played in Nancy, and slid for a rock somewhere out in left field, thinking it was the base.

Cook Tom, the friend of all homeless cats, has found a new pet and pal.  It’s a little, sick, mangy, yellow cat.  Tom calls him Sam McGee because he’s always cold and is continually hanging the stove.  At night he sleeps in the oven or fire-box.  There were a few live coals in the fire-box when Sam jumped in the other night and he had to sacrifice a good share of his hair to keep warm.  But Sam gladly made the sacrifice.  This morning Sam was in the oven when Tom built the fire.  Not seeing him there Tom partly closed the oven door and wen after the coffee water.  When he returned he saw two paws sticking up through the crack in the door in “Kamarad” fashion.  When Tom opened the door Sam showed more life than he has for the week he has been with us.

Old Roland with ambulance men

Am enclosing a few photographs of a few of our past mascots.  Old Roland was the most fun.  You couldn’t help but laugh every time you looked at him even when he was sober which only during working hours on week days when he worked off all the effects of his wine.  Roland is the Chief of Police and the Chief of the Fire Department of Lagny, France.  He’s a good all round man.  During the day he hires out on some ditch or garden job and during the evening he consumes wine.

In the picture of Apremont if you look closely you may see your little “tin soldier” in the act of carrying a bucket of water to his car which has a white towel hanging over the radiator.  This particular piece of ground and up on the hill in the background were scenes of some very severe fighting.

Love,
  Grant.

I have endeavored to fill my days without the use of cheap fiction stimuli.

In this letter to his father and some diary entries written at the same time, Grant discusses more details of the army's plans to send them home. And he makes reference to stress caused him by his fiance's troubling mental attitude. 

Convois Autos.,
S.S.U. 647,
Par B.C.M.
France

Bretzenheim, Germany
March 1, 1919

Dear Dad:-

Your letter of Feb. 10 caught me last night prone on my bed reading The Fighting Chance by Rob’t. W. Chambers.  I had reached the point in the story where the hero had about won the battle and all he needed was the girl to cinch the deal.  I postponed the cinching part until after I had read your letter.  The lack of good reading material out here is distressing.  Occasionally the K.C. gives us a new batch of Top Notch, All Story, Strand, etc., but these are not very satisfactory.  I have endeavored to fill my days without the use of cheap fiction stimuli.  Have succeeded pretty well through the medium of letter writing, filling in spare moments with a huge volume of the History of Europe since 1812.  The weather is clearing up and the ground is about dry so we are growing more and more into the outdoor life (other than driving, I mean) – hunting (rabbits primarily), baseball, football, soccer – most anything.  For indoor sports these last few months we’ve had a great deal of fun on bowling alleys in Mayence, English and straight billiard tables; scheduled tournaments among ourselves, challenges of one man to another then the selecting of teams – all has helped tremendously in maintaining a quite marvelous esprit de corps with the section.  While other units have been having considerable trouble within their own organization in maintaining that spirit of good fellowship so essential to a life such as this, we have grown closer together if anything.  I’m pretty sure we could go through another war without the slightest friction within the unit if we had to.

Grant's dad, W.D. Willard

But all of this has nothing to do with our getting back to the States.  The next is a little more promising these days, Dad.  Lieut. Kendrick came rushing into camp the other day and said that orders were now in our “auto parc” for his section (649) and ours to leave these parts in convoy for base camp on the 26th of this month.  We are also scheduled for base camp in the last official reports printed in the Radiator.  This should mean the States by the latter part of April.  What will happen over there you probably know better than we.  What are they doing with the U.S.A.A.S. men as they reach the States?

That makes me think: in my last letter to Sis I urged your coming east about the time I was due to arrive but the more I think it over the useless the idea seems.  We may be sent to a camp in Alabama, for instance.  Who knows?  There will undoubtedly be some period of waiting before we are mustered out.  We may be given a furlough during this period and we may not.  If agreeable to you and if possible I should like to spend three or four weeks in the east with Dot before I come west.  But these are things which will have to be settled after I arrive in America.  Here’s hoping that April will see us there!

Another thing, Dad – don’t tack Sergeant on to my name.  I’ll tell you the story in brief: Last November we ran short of sergeants – one having been made a private by request, one made a lieutenant and sent to another section and one called in to go to school.  None were expected back.  Swain, Snader and I were called into conference with the lieutenant and told that if we did not take the jobs vacated that he would have to handle it through headquarters which would mean their sending out three new sergeants from base camp because of overabundance of such at camp.  Obviously this was not desired.  Besides we had had an experience with one such a short time before.  So we took the jobs as unwarranted sergeants appointed by our lieutenant.  I handled details and assignments.  Swain handled the cars and shop.  Snader was the mess sergeant merely continuing with the work he had previously been doing as a private.  Everything sailed smoothly until Christmas time when our old warranted sergeant, who had been sent in to school and who was not expected back, suddenly put in an appearance.  My department had formerly been his.  He was warranted, I was not but I was determined to continue with the work until asked to discontinue by the lieutenant, who appointed me.  Then came a trip to Speyer which kept me away from camp for a day and a half.  When I returned I found that I had been relieved of my duties.  Details were posted on the bulletin board signed by the warranted member.  Thinking that it was official and that I would be notified as soon as I saw the lieutenant I automatically retired.  Nothing was said to me by the lieutenant so I went to him and asked to be officially relieved, that four sergeants were too many and that the warranted member I couldn’t get along because of differences in methods.  He told me that I had made a mistake in letting him take my work away from me, that it was not official and against his wishes but that as long as I didn’t want to continue he would let things slide for awhile but would not officially relieve me.  And so it has been ever since.  I am officially still a sergeant but have no duties.  It’s very embarrassing to me as well as to the warranted member.  I am not put on details as I wish to be.  Have been to the Lieut. twice more and each time he has said “wait.”  Why, I don’t know.  I don’t want the job and never did.  It means nothing in this outfit except someone to look after a few odds and ends and trash.  No discipline is necessary in this outfit and has never been used.  So you see that while technically I am still sergeant I am no longer known as “serg” among the fellows. Just “Jess.”

Am enclosing a clipping which appeared in the Stars & Stripes not long ago regarding the organization of S.S.U.  Please save it somewhere because I may need it for reference.

German money continues to decrease in value.  We now get two marks for every franc.  Formally it was 1.42, the 1.62, now 2.  Is Germany going all to pieces? 

Lovingly,
Grant.


Sunday, March 2:

A beautiful day! Fraser, Stender and I took a long walk out over the fields. We saw many rabbits. My what whoppers! We wasted all our ammunition because they are almost impossible to hit with a gat. Once in awhile they will sit up and give you a shot at them. With a rifle it is quite possible to get them. The boys are very successful with the shotguns.

Went down to bowl this evening, but found the alleys already occupied so we played billiards – Fraser, Soles, Woodie and I.


Monday, March 3:

Rainy and miserable. Stayed in most of the day reading and writing. Played billiards in the evening with Woodell, Fraser and Soles.



Tuesday, March 4:

The same as yesterday – cold wet. Titchner and I lost to Burt and McCrackin in bridge and in the afternoon Tich and I went to the Kurfürst for billiards.



Wednesday, March 5:

The Distinguished Service Cross men came back today and the camp listened to their experiences all day. The purpose of their being called in was a picture of each man which took about 5 minutes. It is further affirmed that we are going into Base Camp about the 25th or 26th of this month. There, it is reported, we lead an easy life, but that the food is none too good. We are quarantined for a week just before sailing and very likely will be in camp about 2 weeks, depending upon transportation facilities. If the weather is decent there will be plenty of time for sports.


Thursday, March 6:

Luykx and Hap left today for 3 days in Paris. Am on call today – none came in. Played bridge in the evening and Tich and I again lost to Burt and McCrackin. Much mail came in. Got 1 from Dot, 1 from Mother enclosing photographs of herself, Sis and Johnnie, 1 from Mr. Well and News Letter from the Plymouth Congregational.

Dorothy Houghton Willard (1894-1979)

Dot worries me considerably. Slept very little tonight because I couldn’t get over the tone of her letter. She seems to be losing hold on things. She’s brooding over what cannot be altered.

When in Paris I looked up my trunk and found it swarming with moths and everything completely ruined.

Grant sends a newsy letter to his mom...

Bretzenheim, Germany
Feb. 17, 1919

Mother dear:-

The permissionaires returned to their post last Friday evening after a very enjoyable ride from Paris up here.  We were fortunate enough to get seats in a second class compartment as far as Strasbourg where we laid over for a day and a half to see is French the town and rest up.  Strasbourg is a very attractive city indeed with many points of interest for the tourist.  Everything is French there now – the German population having been sent back to their own soil.  To be sure, one hears German being spoken on every side but those who speak German there now are of French blood and can also speak French.  Everybody seems to be very happy.  The French have made an extra effort to furnish reconquered Alsace Lorraine with all necessities and luxuries which she herself knows. Strasbourg, being the capital, is very well supplied with fresh stocks in foods and clothing and selling them at very reasonable prices.  The cathedral of Strasbourg is, of course, the chief point of interest for all tourists.  And the chief point of interest within the Cathedral is the Astronomical clock started in 1838 and completed in 1842.  It’s really a remarkable thing.  The enclosed card will give you an idea of how the clock looks and if you can make out the description on the reverse side you will know much more about the clock than I can tell you.  We just missed seeing the clock perform at 12 o’clock but were there for 12:15.  At 12 the whole blooming thing goes into action.  It’s like a three-ringed circus.  One can’t take it all in in one performance.  The cathedral itself is beautiful.  I don’t know much about architectural criticism but I do know when I like stained glass.  The windows are magnificent.  But I’m not going to waste this perfectly good stationery by an unintelligent discussion of art.

Strasbourg Cathedral

As I say, we reached Mainz last Friday evening very glad indeed to be back with the boys in our comfortable barracks and very tired of traveling.  You will all hear a great deal more about this permission of ours when we are together again because the whole experience was one succession of thrills.  So when I speak of “that permission” please remember that I refer to our first leave under American Army rules and regulations.

There was much mail awaiting us in camp.  I drew 19 letters, three of which were from you dated Jan. 3, 15 and 23 respectively.  They were a fine collection, Mother, and made me feel very good indeed.  Will take them upon more in detail in just a few minutes.

Yesterday, Sunday, we moved from our comfortable quarters in Mainz and are now located about two miles from that city in a small place called Bretzenheim.  We are living in the school house.  While our new home is not as attractive as the old we are quite comfortable and have no grounds for complaint.  We have plenty of heat which is the big item just now.  The artificial lighting facilities are poor (being kerosene lamps) but three months ago we would have considered ourselves very fortunate to have been quartered in such a spacious place with so little routine to pester us.  The cause for our having to leave the barracks was the arrival of many French combatant troops.  Today is the Armistice Day and rumors of more war are flying thick and fast.  The roads have been choked for a week with troops “marching up” and one gathers for inference that the French are “all set” for immediate action if necessary.  Personally, I think that that it would be a very good thing for these Germans if the Allies were to blow up a few of their towns.  But of course they won’t because it will not be necessary.  As soon as they see we are all set and eager they will cease their pig headed haggling over the armistice terms and peace proposals.  If we do have to go to war again it will be to the complete destruction of Germany in a very short while.

Allan "Happy" Ahlers and Grant Willard at Verdun, 1917

You ask if Allan Ahlers [1894-1962] is still with us.  Yes, old Hap is very much here and is a very lively member indeed.  Full of “pep” and fund and good common sense.  Being the only two representatives from Minnesota in our outfit we are together a great deal of the time.  He is sitting here beside me as I write, reading an old New York Times.  He begs me to convey to you the impression that he is quite well and very anxious to get home.  There must be a mistake about his family not hearing from him for so long.  I’m quite sure he writes regularly.  Hap did excellent work at the front and I think it would be a great shame if he does not receive a citation of some sort.  Citations have been awarded for far less.

You speak of Herbert Wilcox’s not having civilian clothes and asking about mine.  Have recently written Dot telling her she may expect me in a barrel for when in Paris the other day I looked up my trunk and found it swarming with moths and everything in the trunk completely ruined.  They must have been hungry moths to have eaten such clothes as I had stored in my trunk.

The Literary Digests have come intermittently.  It doesn’t seem as though I have received them all but maybe I have.  There was a Jan. 18 issue waiting for me when I returned from permission.  I like the paper very much indeed.  Their articles cover a large field and strike me as being very broad-minded and fair.  “Letters from the Front” are often very funny.  It’s interesting what some fellows have the nerve to write home.  I wonder how much you people believe in some of these letters home.

I’m sorry to have kept Dad waiting so long on his proposition.  But when his first letter came we were in the thick of it in the Argonne and it was awfully hard to plan for the future.  It’s hard now but I can pain some beautiful pictures of the future I would like.  And I have painted them.  The more I think of Dad’s proposition the better I like it.  If there aren’t too many pro-Germans out there to deal with I’m sure I would like the work and am sure I can make Dot happy.

Listen – our service paper has just come out to the section and 647 is not included in the list of those sections who will be the first to leave Europe for America.  Why, I can’t say.  They claim they are sending the sections back according to length of time they have served over here.  75% of our personnel was over here before America declared war but we do not appear on the list.  The Allentown men seem to be getting the preference.  If this order is followed out according to plans we will not be home before July – in the last outfit to leave this side.  Even so I would gain nothing by getting discharged over here, were such a thing possible, because it is a long job getting discharge papers through, passports and transportation.  I have decided to stick with the section and get my discharge over there when the time comes.  All applications for discharge over here are being turned down anyway except for those going to the Red Cross or those who live over here or can show business connections to keep them over here.

With a great deal of love,

Grant.

With a heart full of love

Grant Willard expressed his feelings and observations with such eloquence and maturity that it's easy to forget that he was only in his mid-20s when writing them. He was a 20-something with all the needs, desires, passions and energy characteristic of that age. That included the need to blow off steam and have fun.

In these two letters home, Grant describes his leave in the south of France with some comrades. It was his third "permission" spent on the French Riviera since the fall of 1917.  What better place to have some fun? Warm sunshine and beaches. So taken with the Côte d'Azur was he that he suggests his parents should travel to France after the war.

Convois Autos.,

S.S.U. 647,

Par B.C.M.

France

Menton, France

February 5, 1919

Dear little Mother:-

Am on another permission on the Mediterranean, this time in Menton near the Italian border.  The weather is glorious and we are having a pretty good time – though not as good as in the old volunteer days.

Our trip down from Germany was most trying.  The weather was cold and disagreeable and the crowds between Mainz and Paris were terrific.  From Strasbourg to Paris (17 hours) we stood every minute of the way.  I slept to the floor of the passage way once during the night but there was quite a crowd of Alpine Chasseurs on board and they mistook me for the Alps.  There was nothing to do but to stand.  We spent one night in Paris taking the [Train] Rapid for Menton on the following evening.  The Rapid is a first class train intended only for officers and civilians but our knowing a few ropes helped us get aboard without difficulty.  We spent a comfortable night in a warm compartment but at Marseilles we were caught by American MPs and thrown off the train.  The next a.m. at 4 o’clock we were put onto a 3rd class train and reached Menton about noon of the 31st of January.  The government furnishes us with very nice hotels down here and now that we are here we are very comfortable.  For the first two days we did nothing but sleep.  Since then we have been to the border, Monte Carlo and Nice as usual.  We were in Nice yesterday and had an excellent time.  Many nice people whom we met down here a year and a half ago are still down here and they remembered us in spite of the change of uniform.  We danced and played around the Riviera in general and were well received in spite of our uniforms.

Now we are resting and trying to nerve up to the return trip

(Interruption – dinner call)

I am now in the writing room of the YMCA – they have grabbed the best buildings all along the Riviera (Cannes, Nice, Monte Carlo and Menton) and are doing everything possible for the American soldier.  The YMCA here in Menton was the old Gambling Casino.  It is lavish in decorations, theaters, dancing floors, pool and billiard rooms, etc.  I am writing you from one of the old roulette rooms which is now being used for a reading and writing room.

I inquired around in Marseilles for Bill [Grant's future brother-in-law, William R. Everett (1891-1943)], but couldn’t seem to get on his trail.  Where is he?  I haven’t heard from him since the Armistice.  Am under the impression he must be on his way back or is he going to be held for reconstruction work?  I hope not for Marion’s sake.  Though I tell you frankly that if there wasn’t so much drawing me back home I think I should look around for a good army job to keep me over here a year or so longer.  I haven’t seen half enough of this country yet.  While in Nice the other day we met people from Roumania, Constantinople, St. Petersburg and a retired American admiral (Admiral Day) who had traveled all over.  When we were down here before we met a family from Florence, Italy.  Just listening to these people talk has made me want to travel more.  They know so much more than we Americans who stay in America all our lives.

Willard home in Mankato

But I’m not going to stay over here this trip.  I’m going to aim toward another visit sometime later on.  I wish you would make Dad bring you over here, Mother.  Why have you never come?  It hasn’t been beyond Dad’s power financially certainly because it isn’t an expensive place to spend a summer.  Nowhere near as expensive as in some American summer resort.  Tourists are quite apt to be asked exorbitant prices but one need not pay exorbitant prices.  I think I could conduct a very cheap party over the most interesting parts of France and we could have load of fun.  You and Dad would grow 20 years younger if you would make the trip.  Now it is dinner time and I must quit.

No more rumors about coming home except that it might be most any day, now.  Hope to stop over in Paris on our way back to Germany.

Heaps of love,

Grant.

* * *

Convois Autos.,

S.S.U. 647,

Par B.C.M.

France

Paris – 2/11/19/

Dear Family:-

On our way back from permission.  I wrote you last from Menton on the Mediterranean.  Hope that letter reaches you O.K. because it contains a report of the best part of our leave.  It hasn’t been very satisfactory because traveling conditions have been so poor.  From Menton we took a 3rd class permissionaires' train to Dijon.  From Marseilles on it grew rapidly colder.  The train was now heated.  The cold combined with the hard wooden benches of the 3rd class car made sleeping and comfort impossible.  We were 20 hours on this train.  At Dijon we had to wait 10 hours for our Paris train.  There was not a room in the town to be had so we spent our time in the Red Cross canteen drinking hot coffee and trying to be comfortable.  Our Paris train pulled in at 3 a.m. jammed to the doors with passengers.  We forced our way aboard and stood up for the next 6 hours.  Fortunately our train was a rapid so we reached Paris about on schedule.  But you can imagine that we were pretty well played out and resolved never to take another permission.  After some debating and argument we were allowed to stay in Paris for two days to get rested up for the last leg of our journey.  Paris is crowded and rooms are scarce. Through the kindness of Mr. [Henry] Sleeper of the American Field Service we were able to find beds and have been very comfortable here.  We went to bed at noon of the 9th and never stirred until the noon of the 10th.  I’ll take 2 months at the front in preference to another permission.  Have been too tired to see about getting my baggage over to the Am Express Co.  Our headquarters promises that time will be given all old sections later in which to straighten up all baggage questions.  We were told that our section will be called in within a month and be sent back to the States.  However, General Foch’s recent report to the war council may have some effect on our demobilization.  I should be very much surprised if it didn’t.  Germany is not whipped.  Additional force is necessary.  This does not necessarily mean more fighting, in my estimation, but armies and supplies are going to be essential.  

So you see our job over here is not yet completed and until it is we shall continue to plug away doing our menial share and trying to keep happy.

With a heart full of love,

Grant.

Some of us are putting on flesh (I’m gaining daily) and have never felt better, physically, in our lives.

As my readers know, Grant's father, William D. Willard (1867-1952), was cashier of the First National Bank of Mankato, Minnesota, and had proposed that his eldest son come work as his assistant after his return from war. While Grant writes enthusiastically about the possibility in this letter, we also know it never came to pass. He tells his father that he's written to his former employer informing him of the paternal job offer. 

Grant also goes on emphatically about his love of Dorothy Houghton and his desire to get married. One can sense from the way he writes about Dot that his family was not entirely enthusiastic about his choice of wife. This attitude would affect their married life in Mankato.

Convois Autos.,
S.S.U. 647,
Par B.C.M.
France

January 24, 1919

Dear Dad:-

Your very nice, long letter of Dec. 24 reached me on the 18th of this month.  I was very glad to get it indeed though sorry to hear that you have been laid up with the “flu.”  I trust that you are well again by now and that the miserable stuff has left no ill effects.

(At this point Snader came in looking for an argument and he found one in here.  The argument started out on the moral effect of German air raids and long distance shelling in France as compared with allied air raids in Germany.  At 11 o’clock last evening the argument concluded having been switched to the Russian problem of today.  So it is now the morning of January 25th – Saturday, I think.)

But to business!  You have asked me two questions: (1) “How do you feel, are we going to be called upon for large quantities of steel, etc. for European reconstruction?” and (2) in regard to our future plans when your little tin solider comes trailing home.  You must have my reply to the second proposition by now.  However, I shall reply again in case the other never arrived.

I should be more than glad to return to Mankato and act as your assistant.  Two years of barbarians has not decreased my steam pressure, in fact I think it has added to it if anything.  You say it is steam you need.  I should like to try mine out under your guidance.  Then, too, I’ve got to get married.  I’m so sure as I ever have been of anything that Dot is my mate.  The past two years have been sufficient test.  And she really is a wonder, Dad.  If you have never appreciated how extremely lucky your son has been in a good many things he’s undertaken I’m sure your appreciation will dawn when you know my Dot better.  There are times when it all seems almost too good to be true and the time hangs very heavy on my hands waiting for a chance to get back into civilization again.  Your offer is just the thing I have been looking and hoping for.  You see I’m pretty proud of your life and work and I should like to do what ever I can to help out and make as much out of my life as you have yours.  Speaking of reconstruction, it is going to be necessary for me to do a little reconstructing myself before I get away from the present ways of thinking, speaking and acting but I’m sure that, with a little patience on your part, a good many of the army crudities can be entirely wiped out and a good many merits, started over here, further developed.  At any rate, I’m very desirous of making the attempt.

I have written Mr. Wells [of the Wells-Dickey Trust Company in Minneapolis] to the effect that I couldn’t see much of a future in his office; that I didn’t care to be a bond salesman all my life; that it was too much to expect that I should be put into any other department with as little experience as I have had; that asking for a salary large enough for two of us living in Minneapolis on what little value I could be to the company would again be asking too much; that it is quite essential that I marry; that my father had made me a very attractive proposition which seemed to fill the bill to better  advantage for all concerned.  I haven’t yet received Mr. Wells’ reply, though it is about due most any day now.

Now as to the steel question – I can give you my ideas in a very few words.  There is going to be more modern construction in Europe as soon as things have settled down a bit than ever before.  By modern construction I mean railroads and steel framed buildings in particular.  All of this development is going to call for steel.  The pressure of war needs has created a much larger knowledge of industry on the whole.  This means increased production, doesn’t it, when labor conditions become more stable?  But before production can be increased machinery must be constructed on a larger scale than ever before.  This calls for steel.

In France, I should say that there is a decided sentiment and activity under way for increased industrialism on, what we would call, a modern scale.  France has been a bit backward in this regard, comparing what we have seen of France with what we have seen of Germany.  In this new movement in France there is going to be a big demand for steel even outside of the devastated lands.  This war has done a great deal for France.  As you know that the wage-workers in France are in much better condition financially now than they ever were before?  Why?  Because we American soldiers together with the English soldiers have been responsible for putting a large sum of money into circulation.  France has got her eyes open.  But she is in a very embarrassing situation as a nation financially.  The capital of France together with her credit will undoubtedly have to be spent in rehabilitating devastated regions.  

Germany may get her steel for reconstruction and development from Austria and Hungary as usual.  However, I know nothing of the amounts of iron ore in these countries and the prices of mining and shipping same as compared to ours.  But Germany wouldn’t concern us much because she will be last on our list.  If our output of steel exceeds our demands plus the demands of the allied and neutral countries then perhaps we can accept a bit of German credit. 

England’s demand for reconstruction steel I should think would not exceed her war time demand.

Italy comes out of the war stronger than ever was before.  War needs have increased her productive capacity.  Italy like France has become more modernized by the war.  This, I should think, would mean a demand for steel greater than the supply available from sources cheaper than from the U.S.

Then there is all of Russia!  What’s going to become of Russia anyway?  Will her eyes ever be opened so that they are not crossed?  I am glad to see Russia represented in the Peace Congress and I hope it means that the allies are going to support one man in Russia during the reconstruction period any way.  If Russia once get settled I see no reason why the demand for steel would not exceed the available domestic production at a less price than we could offer.

This covers the larger European countries.  My conclusion, as you see, would be that there will be a large market for American made steel for the reconstruction of Europe.  This conclusion, however, is base on a lack of knowledge of the amount and prices and grades of steel production in Europe.  I really only know that the demands for steel will be great over here.  Anybody knows that – so you see I’ve not given you a bit of information.

Ambulances in Mainz

We are still in Mainz.  The last two weeks have indeed been easy ones.  During this period we have made but one trip of any size and that was a second convoy up to the prison camp at Giesson.  In addition we have two cars a day on call here in Mainz to answer what few requests there may be in this vicinity.  Being attached to the army headquarters this way gives us the cream in the ambulance line and leaves the dregs for those sections attached to army corps and divisions.  But the easy life with little work is beginning to tell on us.  The “esprit de corps” has suffered a bit.  However, many rumors of an early demobilization are refreshing and keep us all in pretty good spirits.  Some of us are putting on flesh (I’m gaining daily) and have never felt better, physically, in our lives.

Hap [Ahlers] is bigger and stronger than ever.  Johnny Taylor is no longer a boy of 17 but a grown up man of 19 years with big ideas and a great mind.  Fraser’s egotism of two years ago has developed into the finest kind of fellowship and good fun; etc. down the line.  We have all profited something.  However, these are not arguments in favor of war but in spite of war.

There are rumors that we will be on our way home in a month but also there are so many rumors to the contrary that we pay no more attention to them whatever.  I think our chances of being demobilized over here are very slim so that my trunk and other excess baggage will either have to be shipped home by the American Express Co. which is very expensive or I shall have to store it somewhere for further instructions.  I hope to be able to get into Paris within the next month to get these things straightened out.  I have several souvenirs which I don’t care to lose.  But, Dad, I’m not bringing home an arsenal nor a curio-shop (un magasin d’antiquites).  Mine are few but full of significance – for myself anyway.  Some of the boys are lugging 500 lbs of souvenirs around with them.  Wait until we have our cars take away from us and are made to carry only army issue on our backs!!!!  That time is drawing nigh.

Much love to you all,

Grant.